In high and low voltage protection circuit we have used an lm358 op amp which has two outputs connected to 2 and 3 number pins of pic microcontroller.
Lm358 low voltage cutoff circuit.
And a voltage divider is used to divide voltage and connects its output at 4th number pin of pic microcontroller.
This voltage sensor circuit can be used to protects any appliance to voltage fluctuation.
The dissipation is the total of both amplifiers use external resistors where possible to allow the amplifier to saturate or to reduce the power which is dissipated.
Hi swagatam i have made schematic in multisim and simulate it but it cannot simulate as i intend.
May be i connect something wrong.
But you need to change a photo diode and the photo transistor in place.
3 tested 220v high and low voltage cut off circuits using ic 324 and transistors.
Sensing voltage derived through the 10 k pre set is given to the non inverting ve terminal and this sets the high level cut.
When the input voltage goes high then the relay will be activated and also when the input voltage is below then required level then relay activated.
When the input dc voltage is equal to the zener voltage the op amps output is approximately zero.
The power supply voltage and differential i p voltages are similar.
Applications of lm358 ic lm358 ic based dark sensor circuit.
You can use both ln324 or lm358 but i have shown lm358 in the diagram.
The lm258 lm258aand lm158 lm158acan be derated based on a 150 c maximum junction temperature.
In a printed circuit board operating in a still air ambient.
This dark sensor ic lm358 circuit is used to test a light dependent resistor a photo diode and a photo transistor.